References and bibliography (continuing students) - no longer in use
PLEASE NOTE THAT THIS GUIDE IS FOR CONTINUING STUDENTS ONLY. NEW STUDENTS SHOULD REFERENCE IN THE RECOMMENDED APA STYLE. FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS CAN BE FOUND IN THE STUDY MANAGEMENT PAGES.
This guide is designed to help you understand how to quote or reference in your academic work and how to write a bibliography.
All the information in this guide is taken from the RNCM course handbooks, which have further details and examples and can be found on Moodle.
Referencing
References should appear as footnotes. Footnotes come at the bottom of the page to which they refer and should be single-spaced.
References need give only enough information to identify an item in the Bibliography, and take the form: Name year, page number(s) (e.g. Cook 1990, p.81).
Bibliography
A Bibliography should be alphabetically organised and is normally divided into Music sources, Literature and Electronic sources.
Book
Surname, First name(s), Title and Subtitle, Place of publication: Publisher, date.
e.g.
Cook, Nicholas, Music, Imagination and Culture, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.
Chapter within a book
Surname, First Name(s), ‘Title of Chapter’, Book title (author/editor), inclusive pages, Place of Publication: Publisher, Date.
e.g.
Franklin, Peter, ‘Sibelius in Britain’, The Cambridge Companion to Sibelius (ed. D.M. Grimley), pp.182–95, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
Article
Surname, First Name(s), ‘Title’, Journal vol./no. (date of publication), inclusive pages.
e.g.
Solie, Ruth A., ‘The living work: organicism and musical analysis’, Nineteenth-Century Music iv/2 (Autumn1980), pp.147–56.
Music
Composer, First Name(s), Title (editor), Place: Publisher, Date.
e.g.
Chabrier, Emmanuel, Mélodies (ed. R. Delage), Paris: Heugel, 1995.
Sound recordings
For the recording [generally as for other entries]
e.g.
Mahler, Gustav, Symphony No.10 (performing edition by Deryck Cooke et al.), Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, Sir Simon Rattle (EMI, 2000) 5 56972 2.
For associated literature
e.g.
Matthews, Colin, Booklet notes for Mahler, Gustav: Symphony No.10 [compact disc] 5 56972 2 (EMI, 2000) 5 56972 2.
Websites
Author, Title, < URL > (date accessed).
e.g.
Grinsted, Patricia, ‘Bach scores in Kyiv: the long-lost music archive of the Berlin Sing-Akademie surfaces in Ukraine’, < http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~huri/work.2.html > (accessed 12 November 2001).
Electronic journals
Citations of articles should include the URL as found at the beginning of the article and the paragraph number; for example:
Glixon, Jonathan ‘Far il buon concerto: music at the Venetian Scuole Piccole in the seventeenth century’, Journal of Seventeenth-Century Music i (1995) ,<http://www.sscm.harvard.edu/jscm/v1/no1/glixon.html >, par. 2.3. (plus date you accessed it).
Further reading
The following are useful books which give further guidance and information on referencing. They are all available in the Library.
Herbert, Trevor Music in Words London: The Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music, 2001
ML 3797 HER
Johnson, Roy Writing essays: Guidance notes for students Manchester: Clifton Press, 1996
PN 160 JOH (Short loan)
Neville, Colin The complete guide to referencing and avoiding plagiarism Maidenhead: Open University Press, 2007.
PN 160 NEV
Pears, Richard Cite them rite: The essential guide to referencing and plagiarism Newcastle upon Tyne: Pear Tree Books, 2006
PN 160 PEA